Charge density per unit length, i.e. Creative Commons Attribution/Non-Commercial/Share-Alike. (1 marks). Point of Intersection of Two Lines Formula, Find a rational number between 1/2 and 3/4, Find five rational numbers between 1 and 2, Sodium Fluoride Formula - Structure, Properties, Uses, Sample Questions, Find the answer to the following problem (1.5 + 3.2i) - (-2.4 - 3.7i). I =. You can then email or print this charge density calculation as required for later use. The equilibrium surface charge density in such a case is: (1) ( ) = Q 2 R 1 R 2 - 2; 0 R, where = x 2 + y 2 0 represents the 2D radial distance from the center of the disk, ( x, y) are 2D position coordinates and R is the radius of the disk. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. The charge density formula is one of the most important formulas for calculating electric fields and potentials. As a result, it can be either positive or negative. (2marks), Ques. By using our site, you Electromagnetism is inseparably linked to current density or electric current density. In electromagnetism, the charge density specifies how much charge is present in given properties of the figure i.e., length, area, volume etc. where R = d/2 is the radius of cylinder base and h is the height of cylinder (in this instance, it is denoted by L). Also Check:-Electric Charges and Fields: Important Questions. Charge density is how much charge is spread per unit of length, area, or volume. When charges are continuously spread over a line, surface, or volume, the distribution is called continuous charge distribution. WebSolution: Firstly, rearrange the magnetic field formula to find the magnitude of the electric current. Solved examples are included to understand the formula well. Solving Cubic Equations - Methods and Examples, Difference between an Arithmetic Sequence and a Geometric Sequence. Surface charge density represents charge per area, and volume charge density represents charge per volume. Charge density represents how crowded charges are at a specific point. It can only exist over conductors of electricity. This is a vector quantity, with both a magnitude (scalar) and a direction. Ohm's Law, 15.4 - Electric Circuits. In other words, there is one mole of electrons per cubic metre. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, Data Structure & Algorithm Classes (Live), Full Stack Development with React & Node JS (Live), Fundamentals of Java Collection Framework, Full Stack Development with React & Node JS(Live), GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam. Also, the prefix nano means , and 1 nT = T. So, the magnitude of the filed at the distance specified is thus: B = 10.0 nT. Question 2: Find the volume charge density for the given charge and the volume is 18C and 9m3 respectively. WebArea & Surface area Formulas We are going to share Surface area Formulas for the student who is studying in the class of 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. = q/l where, is the linear charge density, q is the charge, l is the length of The measure of electric charge accumulated in a particular field is called charge density. We can determine it in terms of volume, area, or length. We can divide the charge density formula into three types depending on its nature: (i) Linear (ii) charge density ( ) (iii) Surface charge density ( ) (iv) Volume charge density ( ). The surface charge density ( ) is the amount of charge per unit area, measured in coulombs per square metre (C.m -2 ), at any location on a two-dimensional Electric Charges can be distributed along the length, surface or Please note that the formula for each calculation along with detailed calculations are available below. V b e l o w n = 0. (2marks), The surface charge density formula is given by = q / A, Ques. Charge density = 2 C/m3. Calculate the flux density in a ferromagnetic material with a cross-sectional area of 0.01 m 2 containing 100 lines. Solution: Given, E = 5V/m. (2marks), Ques. The following are some examples of charge density applications: Ques. WebThe surface charge density formula is given by, = q / A A=4 r2 A = 4 (0.09)2 A = 0.1017 m2 Surface charge density, = q / A = 12 / 0.1017 = 117.994 Therefore, = Charge density can be determined in terms of area, volume, or length. The charge density of ions determines their rejection by the membrane in separation techniques such as nanofiltration. Short Circuits, Angular Radius Of Einstein Ring Calculator, Multimode Dispersion In Optical Fibre Calculator, Lorentz Transformation Of Velocity Calculator, Magnetic Force Acting On A Moving Charge Inside A Uniform Magnetic Field Calculator, Gravitational Potential Energy Calculator, Plasma Electron Relaxation Time Calculator, Work Done On A Magnetic Dipole Calculator, Energy Exchanged By Two Colliding Elementary Particles Calculator, Uniformerly Accelerated Decelerated Motion Calculator, Wavelength Of Monochromatic Light Calculator, The linear charge density of a conducting wire is, The area charge density of a conducting wire is, The volume charge density of a conducting wire is, Linear charge density of a conducting wire, Volume charge density of a conducting wire. Griffiths equation. Q.2: A long thin rod of length 50 cm has a total charge of 5 mC, which is uniformly WebArea charge density Formula and Calculation = 2Q This formula derives from = Q 2R (R+h) where R = d/2 is the radius of cylinder base and h is the height of cylinder (in this Electric charges are of two types: Positive and Negative, commonly carried by charge carriers protons and electrons. WebVolume charge density formula is given in terms of Charge and Volume. Question 4: A copper wire with a diameter of 3 mm2 has a current of 9 mA flowing through it. Find the Cross-sectional area. The charge density formula is given by. For uniform charge distributions, charge densities are constant. B =. We believe everyone should have free access to Physics educational material, by sharing you help us reach all Physics students and those interested in Physics across the globe. The same current travels through all the cross-sections of a conductor when it has a steady current flowing through it. WebThe charge density formula computed for volume is given by: Charge density for volume . The value of charge density depends on the type of medium. Volume Charge Density for given data is 2 C/m3. In the electrical field, the current density is a similar microscopic term. The dimension of electric charge is [TI] and the dimension of volume is [L 3]. Coulomb m. Charge density mostly appears in Continuity Equation. In the field of electromagnetism, Current Density is the measurement of electric current (charge flow in amperes) per unit area of cross-section (m 2 ). Each Electrodynamics tutorial includes detailed Electrodynamics formula and example of how to calculate and resolve specific Electrodynamics questions and problems. A sphere has a radius of 9 cm and a charge of 12 C. How can you figure out the linear charge density? = q / v. = 8 / 4. It is equivalent to. A total charge of 5mC is uniformly spread throughout a 50cm long thin rod. Ans. WebThe divergence of the electric field at a point in space is equal to the charge density divided by the permittivity of space. Charge density is the amount of electric charge per unit volume (i.e., a charge per cubic metre). The density of current flow in a conductor is defined as current density. l = 50 cm = 0.5 m Radius of the rod = 7 cm Thus the surface area of circulkar rod of What effect does charge density have? WebFind the Surface charge density. The distance through which the centre of mass of the boat boy system moves is, A capillary tube of radius r is dipped inside a large vessel of water. A charge is also the Access free live classes and tests on the app, The SI unit of charge density is coulomb per cubic metre (C/m, Charge density is the amount of electric charge per unit volume (i.e., a charge per cubic metre). 1. The letter J is used to represent it. What is the charge density of a line? Volume Charge Density specifies how much amount of charge is present in the given volume. Therefore potential is given by. (1 marks). I = The flow of current through the conductor (A). Find the Volume Charge Density if a 10 C charge is applied over a 2m3 area. WebWhat is Electric Charge. = 0 V n. hold for the case of a metal surface charge where the interior electric field is zero. The charge per unit time per unit area of an electrical current that travels through it. The quantity of electric current flowing through a unit value of the cross-sectional area is defined as this. Modified 3 years, 7 months ago. let's talk about charge distributions charge distribution basically means collection of charges so it is collection of charges and you've actually dealt with them for example you may have dealt with situations where you were given there is a i don't know maybe a plus one nanocoulomb chart somewhere and there's a minus five nanocoulomb chart somewhere and then you are asked to do maybe calculate the force between them or asked to calculate electric field somewhere so this is a collection of charge and so this is a charge distribution but you know this particular kind of charge distribution is called discrete charge distribution what do i mean by that what i mean is here you can count and you can say ah there is one charge over here and there is another charge over here and there are no charges in between when you can count and you have such point charges we call that collection a discrete charge distribution but the focus of this video is the other kind which i find more interesting this is called continuous charge distribution continuous and let me immediately give you an example of that so let's say we have a wire and let's imagine i charge up this wire and let's say it gets a positive charge so now the positive charge will be continuously spread along this wire now i don't mean that there is a charge here and then there are no charges in between and there is a charge here that's not what i'm saying what i'm saying now is the charges are spread out there's charge everywhere this is what we call a continuous charge distribution and do you know what's interesting about this i can have that same wire and i can have that same amount of charge let's say this total charge is i don't know maybe 100 coulomb and i can distribute it continuously in a different way for example you know what i how can do i can i can distribute it maybe somewhat like this now again i don't mean that there are no charges in between it's a continuous distribution there are charges everywhere and so the total charge here is the same as the total charge over here but what's the difference well the difference is the charges are more crowded over here and they are less crowded over here that's what i'm representing but over here the charges are equally crowded everywhere and that's why when we're talking about continuous charge distributions this is an important quantity how crowded the charges are are they uniformly crowded everywhere or are they more covered in one place and less crowded at some other place and that's why when it comes to continuous charge distribution we introduce a new quantity called charge density and you may have heard of the word density the word density sorry the word density basically means how crowded something is so when we say charge density we're talking about how crowded the charges are and then we're dealing with uh you know charge distribution over a line and we'll talk more about different kinds of distribution in a minute whenever we're dealing with that thus the symbol that we use to represent charge density is a greek symbol lambda and this number basically tells you how crowded the charges are on a given length and so the way we represent lambda or with the way we calculate lambda is we say how much charge is present over unit length and i'll give you an example but before that let's talk about the units what will be the units of charge density well the unit of charge density would be coulomb per meter so for example i could say hey the charge density over here for this this wire is 20 coulomb per meter what does that mean that means if i were to take one meter of this wire and i don't know how long this wire is but let's say it's a very very long wire and i took one meter of this in that one meter i would find 20 coulombs of charge that's what this means and i can take that one meter anywhere and i'll find 20 coulombs the charge density over here is a constant because it's equally crowded everywhere so what if i take 2 meters of length how much charge would i find over there well per meter is 20 so in two meters i'll find 40 coulombs of charge if i take half a meter how much charge would i find over there well i would find 10 coulombs of charge does this make sense do you understand what charge density is okay what about charge density over here can i give one number for charge density over here no because the charge density varies you have a you can kind of say there's a very high charge density over here there is very low charge density over here and how do i represent that how do i figure how do i give a number to it the way to give a number over here is you could say you could take a very tiny very tiny length and let's say that length is i don't know maybe a nanometer okay take a very very tiny length and in that length find out how many charges are present maybe in that one nanometer i find i don't know maybe 50 nano coulombs of charge now i will say at that point lambda which is our charge density is 50 nano coulombs divide by one nanometer so that would be 50 coulomb per meter and now it's interesting is this does not mean i take one meter and i'll find 50 coulombs no this basically says at that point you will find if you take the charge and divide by length that ratio turns out to be 50. so this is the value at that point similarly if i were to take maybe at this point i take one nanometer over here and i'm just using nano as an example you imagine it's a very incredibly tiny tiny point you know tiny distance you're taking in that one nanometer maybe i'll just find only two nano coulombs at this point so we will say the lambda at this point would be two nano coulomb divide by nanometer it will be two coulomb per meter so over here how do you calculate charge density well we calculate charge density lambda by taking very tiny lengths dl that's how you write it mathematically even though i've shown using like real numbers over here but mathematically it's an infinitesimal length you take and over that you find how much charge is present and that ratio tells you the charge density at individual points so if the charge is uniformly distributed then whether you take it at a point or you take it over a large length that value stays the same and that's pretty much about charge distribution but now you could ask wait a second here charges were distributed over a line and so we like to call this a continuous line charge distribution and therefore this density we like to give it a name we call this linear charge density because it's telling you how much charge is distributed over a line over a meter right so this is one kind of charge distribution are there other kinds of charge distributions the answer is yes and if you got this then rest of it's very similar so let me show you another kind in fact there are three kinds so the second one let me just write over here or let me do that over here in fact let me do that over here second one would be surface charge distribution surface charge distribution and you can kind of kind of imagine just by looking at the word now instead of charges being distributed over a line we have charges distributing over a surface so you can imagine let's say this is some kind of a i know maybe a metallic plate you can imagine this is a surface of a balloon whatever you want and let's imagine now there is there are charges everywhere on the surface and again it's continuous it charges everywhere this is what we call a surface charge distribution and we have the same nuances like we saw over here you could either have uh distributions which is uniform so the density would be the same everywhere or you could have non-uniform but my question is how would you define charge density here here it was charged per length coulomb per meter what would be over here what would be the units can you pause and think about it well over here since we're charges are distributing over an area here we introduce surface charge density and the symbol we use is sigma and surface charge density is just charge divided by area so the unit over here would be coulomb per meter square so for example if i said this was a uniform charge distribution and let's say sigma is i don't know maybe 10 coulomb per meter square what am i saying what is the meaning of that it means if i go anywhere on this surface and if i take let's say one meter square area i'll find 10 coulombs of charge on it but if i take 2 meter square area then i'll find 20 coulombs of charge on it and so on and so forth and lastly the third and the final kind of charge distribution i'm just like i've not arranged this very nicely but the third kind would be volume charge distribution and again i'm pretty sure you can kind of guess what this is now charges are distribution charges are distributed in space in in 3d space so you can kind of imagine let's say there is a box i am going to draw a cube type a cube over here or cuboid over here maybe this is my room yeah my room is cuboid i think okay anyways now imagine there are charges everywhere inside in 3d space this is volume charge distribution and exactly the same thing holds here you can either have uniform charge you know charges uniformly distribute over a volume or you can have them non-uniformly distributed over volume and again the question is how do you define a charge density over here can you think well since it's it's uh it's spread over a space here we define charge density as and the symbol we use is rho i think these symbols is something you need to remember but with the way we define it over here would be charge per volume and the units would be coulomb per meter cubed and just like before if you are dealing with non-uniform charge distribution then you have to do dq over dv at every point you would have different volume charge distributions so let's put it all together let's put this all in one screen let me all right so if you put it all together continuous charge distribution is basically when charges are spread out continuously you can have them spread out over a line or a surface or over a volume and one of the most important quantities is charge density it tells you how crowded charges are distributed over a line over a surface or over volume if the value is a constant which is my favorite then that means it's a uniform distribution if the value is not constant it changes at different different points then you'll have to use differential differentiations then it means the charge density charge distribution it's not uniform it's varying at some points you have more crowdedness compared to some other points, Middle school Earth and space science - NGSS, World History Project - Origins to the Present, World History Project - 1750 to the Present. Coulomb m, Volume charge density, where q is the charge and V is the distribution volume. This allows us to allocate future resource and keep these Physics calculators and educational material free for all to use across the globe. In SI units, it is expressed as Coulombs per cubic metre (C/m, The value of charge density depends on the type of medium. Because the magnitude determines the direction of flow, this is a vector quantity. If the size and direction of the current are both constant, it is usually considered steady. The formula to find the volume charge density is given by-, Volume Charge density () = Charge (C)/Volume (V). The site owner may have set restrictions that prevent you from accessing the site. Key Terms: Charge density, electric charge, electric field, linear charge density, surface charge density, volume charge density. Charge density formula is of 3 types linear, volume, and surface charge density. (2marks), The charge density formula is given by = q / v = 8 / 4, Ques. Volume Charge Density for given data is 0.66 C/m3. The density of the cross-section area, on the other hand, may vary, but the current will not. Unacademy is Indias largest online learning platform. The current dimensional formula for density is [M0L-2T0I1]. . Charge Density Formula: Applications & Solved Ex A spherically symmetric charge distribution is characterised by a charge density having the A particle of chargeq and massmmis subjected to an electric field.. A long cylindrical shell carries positive surface charge in the upper half and negative surface charge. Question 5: If 42 A of current flow through the battery in an 8 m2 region, what is the current density? As a result of the EUs General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Solution:Given-Charge q = 10C,Volume v = 5 m3. Surface charge density represents charge per area, and volume charge density represents charge per volume. A charge is also the net quantity of positive or negative electric charge within an object. Download our apps to start learning, Call us and we will answer all your questions about learning on Unacademy. He runs to the other, end. A glass rod rubbed with silk is used to change a gold leaf electroscope and the leaves are observed to. WebCharge q = 8 C. Volume v = 4 m3. In a charge-free region of space where r = 0, we can say. Electrons flow out of one end of the battery, through the wire, and into the other end of the battery when two ends of the battery are connected by metal wire. 2. It can be measured in terms of the total number of electrons per cubic metre. The charge density of an electric object must also be determined using the surface area and volume of the object. What are some Real Life Applications of Trigonometry? The surface charge density of a parallel plate capacitor is given by the following formula: = 0 * E. Where is the surface charge density (in Coulombs per Volume Charge Density for given data is 1.49 C/m3, School Guide: Roadmap For School Students, Data Structures & Algorithms- Self Paced Course. Question 4: Find the charge for the given volume density charge and volume are 2 C/m3 and 10m3 respectively. WebCharge density; = 2.5 102 Cm2 Charge enclosed; q = A = (2.5102) (15104) = 37.5106C = 37.5C Practice question: The same charge is given to four thin plane When we talk about charge density, were referring to the amount of electrical charges contained in a certain space. A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. The surface charge density formula is a way to calculate the amount of charge on a given surface. Its formula equals the ratio of charge value to the length of the conducting surface. Question 6: Find the Volume charge density for the given sphere with a radius of 2m and the charge is 50C. Were talking about electric current flowing through a conductor, not current flowing through a single point. Because the magnitude determines the direction of flow, this is a vector quantity. Calculate the Charge Density of an Electric Field when a charge of 6 C/m flows through a 3 m3 Cube. The formula to find the volume charge density is given by- Volume Charge density () = Charge (C)/Volume (V) = C/V where, is charge density. WebSurface charge density is: = qA = qA Where, = surface charge density q = electric charge A = surface area Surface Charge Density Equation The formula of surface charge Question 5: Find the Volume charge density for the given cube with side length 4m and the charge is 150C. so far, there are two methods to calculate the charge density difference ,see following: 1. difference charge density: delta_RHO=RHO_sc - RHO_atom, where RHO_sc and RHO_atom charge density files can be calculated by setting the parameters ICHARG=2 and ICHGARG=12 respectively. The number of electrons flowing across the charged conductor remains constant when the cross-section is examined. Example 1: Find the energy density of a capacitor if its electric field, E = 5 V/m. If one-third of one-fourth of a number is 15, then what is the three-tenth of that number? WebTherefore, the formula of energy density is the sum of the energy density of the electric and magnetic field. Figure 5.22 The configuration of charge differential elements for a (a) line charge, (b) sheet of Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Protons are positively charged. Current Density and its measurement are particularly essential in the study of electromagnetism. Electric Charge is the property of subatomic particles that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electric and magnetic field.. WebCurrent Density Formula. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme Everything you need to know! The current density formula will be discussed in this article. In a vacuum, the value of charge density is equal to 1 C/m. Requested URL: byjus.com/volume-charge-density-formula/, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36. It is also measured perpendicular to the direction of flow. A charge is a property of subatomic particles that have the ability to attract other particles. An external opposing torque 0.02 Nm is applied on the disc by which it comes rest in 5 seconds. Dimension of Volume charge density. What is the third integer? Now we insert dielectric with width w = 0.0006 m so that it touches one of the plates. The rate of charge flow across any cross-section of a conductor is referred to as current density. What is the probability of getting a sum of 7 when two dice are thrown? J = I/A. In other words, there is one mole of electrons per cubic metre. Find out what the current density is. WebSurface Charge Density = q / A where q is the charge and A is the area over which it is distributed S.I unit of Linear charge density is coulomb/ Volume Charge Density = q / v where q is the charge and V is the volume over which it is distributed S.I unit of Linear Question 1: What causes Constant Current Density? The measuring space can be one, two, or three-dimensional. PMVVY Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana, EPFO Employees Provident Fund Organisation. Because one electron must leave the wire to make room for another, the current density of a conductor remains constant. Ex(P) = 1 40line(dl r2)x, Ey(P) = 1 40line(dl r2)y, Ez(P) = 1 40line(dl r2)z. Charge density is the measure of electric charge accumulated perunit volume or perarea of a surface of a body or field. linear charge density, where q is the charge and is the distribution length. Even if the cross-sections differ in area, the flow remains the same. What is the probability of getting a sum of 9 when two dice are thrown simultaneously? At the end of each Electrodynamics tutorial you will find Electrodynamics revision questions with a hidden answer that reveals when clicked. The mass of water raised above water level is M. If the radius of capillary is doubled, the mass of water inside capillary will be, A convex lens of glass is immersed in water compared to its power in air, its power in water will, decrease for red light increase for violet light, A constant power is supplied to a rotating disc. The surface charge density formula is a topic that The Charge Density Calculator will calculate the: Calculator Settings: Medium is considered as uniform; the wire is considered at the same thickness everywhere. The current density formula is as follows: when dA is perpendicular to J, it follows that = 90o so, cos = 1. The formula of surface charge density is = q / A. Example 1: Calculate the power density for a given antenna transmitting 100 Watts with a gain of 10 at a distance of 100 feet. The inital angular momentum of disc is, A boy of mass 50kg is standing at one end of a, boat of length 9m and mass 400kg. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. Image Position And Magnification In Curved Mirrors And Lenses Calculator, Conservation Of Momentum In 2 D Calculator, 15.2 - Electric Resistance. Explain different types of data in statistics. Ques. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, Data Structure & Algorithm Classes (Live), Full Stack Development with React & Node JS (Live), Fundamentals of Java Collection Framework, Full Stack Development with React & Node JS(Live), GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Difference between Center of Mass and Center of Gravity, Difference between Wavelength and Frequency, Differences between heat capacity and specific heat capacity', Difference between Static Friction and Dynamic Friction, Relation Between Frequency And Wavelength, Difference between Voltage Drop and Potential Difference. For uniform charge distributions, charge densities are constant. School Guide: Roadmap For School Students, Data Structures & Algorithms- Self Paced Course, Difference Between Density and Specific Gravity. Senior Content Specialist | Updated On - Jul 2, 2022. Question 1: Find the volume charge density for the given charge and the volume are 8C and 12m3 respectively. Then, the dimensional formula of volume charge density is [L-3 TI]. Linear charge density represents charge per length. WebIf one line of magnetic field passes normally through m 2 area, the magnetic flux density, B, will be one Tesla, Example of Magnetic Flux Density. That is, Equation 5.6.2 is actually. If you roll a dice six times, what is the probability of rolling a number six? The volume charge density is given by the equation: If Q is the total charge spread over a volume V, then the volume charge density is given by the equation: The volume charge density of the sphere will be = Q / (4/3)r3, Ques. Given : A = 3 mm2 = 0.003 m2, I = 9 mA = 0.009 A. Charge density is the amount of electric charge per unit volume (i.e., a charge per cubic metre). How many types of number systems are there? If the inorganic substructure consists of polymerized cation-oxygen coordination polyhedra (as is the case for amine-templated inorganic oxysalts), the larger the size of the polyhedra, the lower the charge density. We know for an infinite plane sheet, electric field from the sheet is given by: E = 2 0 n ^. In a vacuum, the value of charge density is equal to 1 C/ A charge is a property of subatomic particles that have the ability to attract other particles. Viewed 1k times. The value of charge density depends on the type of medium. The charge per unit time per unit area of an electrical current that travels through Determine the charge density of an electric field, if a charge Question 3: Find the charge for the given volume density charge and volume are 3 C/m3 and 6m3 respectively. How to convert a whole number into a decimal? The charge density formula helps to calculatehow much charge is stored in a given field. The SI unit is Coulomb m-2. Study Materials. Charge Density Formula: Explore more about the charge density formula with solved examples. Find the electric field a distance z above the midpoint of a straight line segment of length L that carries a uniform line charge density . WebThe charge density of the interface is defined as a formal charge per surface area unit. A flow of electrons is what an electric current is commonly thought to be. We know that 100 lines equal to 1 Wb. Example: Find the charge density when an 10C charge is present in a 5 m3cube. Types of Charge Densities: Line, Surface & Volume. Charge density is the charge distributed per unit length, surface or volume. If charge is distributed over the body then there may be three possible distributions i.e. over the line, over the surface and within the volume. This arises the term charge density in respective distribution. Charge density isnt a physical property of matter, but rather a calculation based on the number of subatomic particles moving in a particular space. What is the importance of the number system? The formula of linear charge density is =q/l, such that q is the charge and l is the length of the body over which the charge is distributed. 2. The quantity of charge per unit area, measured in coulombs per square meter (Cm), at any point on a two-dimensional surface is called the surface charge density (). Charge density, like mass density, changes with position. In physics, charge density is the amount of electric charge per volume of space. 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