Apparently Tableau wants to check if the result set will ever be NULL (note the IS NULL [with space] in the where clause after the ISNULL [no space] function). rev2022.12.11.43106. Does a 120cc engine burn 120cc of fuel a minute? Using isnull in where clause is expensive in SQL Server May 26, 2012 by Beaulin Twinkle Today I had to work on a stored procedure which was taking more than 20 seconds to run. Why does this sql join query take much longer using a reference to a row from the first table in the 'on' clause versus using a literal variable? My guess is ISNULL is OK when you run it over an entire column (for example, in a plain-ol' SELECT). Subscribe to RSS Feed; Mark Discussion as New; Mark Discussion as Read; Pin this Discussion for Current User; SQL does something rather smart here. Query works as expected, SSRS finds error? I have a where clause as follows: Insert into values ( SELECT FROM ), Add a column with a default value to an existing table in SQL Server, How to check if a column exists in a SQL Server table. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Does aliquot matter for final concentration? Here is a very simplified example. Performance implications of using ISNULL vs IS NULL April 3, 2022 ~ franklinyamamoto Quite often I see queries that are not sargable due to the use of the ISNULL function in the query's predicate (WHERE clause). and i.book_map_id=case map.i_book_map_id when null then i.book_map_id else map.i_book_map_id end, please suggest what can I do in such case, How about this? Although the potential performance problem was mentioned in the notes at the end of . Are defenders behind an arrow slit attackable? Help us identify new roles for community members, Proposing a Community-Specific Closure Reason for non-English content, IS NOT NULL and ISNULL( str, NULL ) in WHERE clause, SSRS 2008 - Subreport for each value from multi-valued parameter, Parameter to filter in the where clause SSRS, WHERE clause on a field that was calculated with a CASE --SQL Server, SQL Server optimized large query with ISNULL where clause, How to use Generic Parameters for dynamic where clause chosen by user via drop down parameter. The company parameter can accept the upper division, lower division, or both. FROM table_name WHERE column_nameN IS NULL; Does aliquot matter for final concentration? Should teachers encourage good students to help weaker ones? Really, I do. Why does the distance from light to subject affect exposure (inverse square law) while from subject to lens does not? For a string column, it can in many cases be perfectly OK to say: ISNULL (FIELD1,'') <> ISNULL (FIELD2,'') because in most cases, you don't really make the distinction between a NULL and the empty string. This is a very interesting observation. inner join (select distinct * from #map_n_curve) map on h.curve_id=map.h_curve_id and i.curve_id=map.i_curve_id Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. How can I delete using INNER JOIN with SQL Server? If you're not familiar with sargable it means whether or not a condition in the predicate can take advantage of an index. How is the merkle root verified if the mempools may be different? 1. And it ask you to change the code in the store proc using ISNULL in the where clause . Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions, My annual Black Friday Sale has been extended through Dec 31! QGIS expression not working in categorized symbology. You'll have to add fn_split to your db. Help us identify new roles for community members. In SQL Server, using functions in where clauses is generally on the naughty list. On columns that are nullable, things can really go sideways in either case. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. They have various reasons for their choice, though sometimes this choice may be based on false assumptions. It will also replace any NULL values in the varchardata column with 'N/A'. Ready to optimize your JavaScript with Rust? Temp tables hedge and item has following structure. Function ISNULL in where clause; Function ISNULL in where clause. thanks, In your case the effect of using ISNULL is negligible. Also, I thought it was an interesting question, and apparently many other people agreed. But in my scenario Case is better than isnull. Additional resources. We have only one argument in the ISNULL () function. Isnull(someColumn, 0) could be expensive if that makes the index not be used. We cannot use comparison operators such as =, <, > etc on null values because the result is undefined. Also I would recommend you to go over this - What makes a SQL statement sargable? Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window). Any ideas on how the query can be changed for better performance? It is pretty easy to read and quite logical, and certainly it is easy to edit and to extend with more filtering options as necessary. So I replaced it with following case statement: Examples > SELECT isnull(1); false Related functions. Thanks Joe for your precious answers.I have tried with all 3 conditions you have mentioned, however performance did not improve, though query returned the same result. Japanese girlfriend visiting me in Canada - questions at border control? The MS Access IsNull() function returns TRUE (-1) if the expression is a null value, otherwise FALSE (0): We can replace NULL values with a specific value using the SQL Server ISNULL Function. Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. That seems reasonable. Was the ZX Spectrum used for number crunching? @Paddy My main doubt is if we are using ISNULL(col,0) in some columns we added for enhancements (c above comment pls), we can avoid NULL values by using ISNULL at SP or need to check NULL In code. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. When would I give a checkpoint to my D&D party that they can return to if they die? The statement was similar to this : Select * from CusomerMaster where StateId = isnull(@StateID, [StateId]); After replacing isnull with Case like below, the statement executed faster and the stored procedure ran in few mille seconds. It is looking at the naked column already. A condition on a where clause (or a join) that checks if a column IS NULL is likely to trigger a full table scan (if your column is not indexed and depending on which version of SQL server are you running). ISNULL ISDIFFERENT. That will be Null. which are presentation layer functions with no relational meaning whatsoever. Re: ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN fast default - Mailing list pgsql-hackers INTO #perfect_match Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Is it appropriate to ignore emails from a student asking obvious questions? WHERE @StateId IS NULL OR StateId = @StateId. How to calculate Mean, Median and Mode in Python? More detail might help. While rechecking queries, we noted some best practices about to write SQL query. Where does the idea of selling dragon parts come from? Is there is any Performance issue while using ISNULL() in SQL Server? There is an Upper division that has all the products. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site, Learn more about Stack Overflow the company. One thing that I can say is that the rewrite that you have isn't quite doing what you expect. I encourage our readers to sign up and start posting and answering questions there as well. For optimizer is better rewrite the query (if possible) to form, Because using functions in certain cases prevents from optimizer to use statistics and sometimes forced implicit datatype conversions, If you need to use it, then any differences between ISNULL and alternatives like COALESCE or CASE are minuscule. How could my characters be tricked into thinking they are on Mars? Is there a higher analog of "category with all same side inverses is a groupoid"? The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. and h.book_map_id=isnull(map.h_book_map_id,h.book_map_id) The following example finds all products that have NULL in the weight column. How do I escape a single quote in SQL Server? From here on out, we'll be calling them unnatural expressions. (16 row(s) affected) C. Testing for NULL in a WHERE clause. This pattern should generally be avoided, of course. The statement was similar to this : Example You can see this with a simple example. If that type of community isnt your speed, then there are some great forums over at SQL Server Central and SQL Team. Hi, Am running into a very weird performance issue, basically I have a bunch of reporting queries that uses the ISNULL function in the WHERE clause. Performance increased dramatically, however the number of records returned is different when table2.col1 has null records in it. Google Standard SQL for BigQuery supports conditional expressions. To check for null values we can use IS NULL and IS NOT NULL operators. I can add distinct operation while creating temp table #map_n_curve and replace the join to #map_n_curve directly.I tried with this too,including creating index on h_book_map_id and i_book_map_id columns of #map_n_curve.However, performance did not improve. Why does my stock Samsung Galaxy phone/tablet lack some features compared to other Samsung Galaxy models? Performance would have been impacted when you had condition like: Update Table set REC_ID = '' where isnull (REC_ID,'') ='' because in the above case the predicate is no longer a search argument. It's basically performance improvement of SQL queries. Dismiss, sp_BlitzFirst instant performance check, The Surprising Behavior of Trailing Spaces, [Video] Office Hours 2017/04/12 (With Transcriptions). There is a report whose query is using isnull in the where clause and it's causing some performance issues. Let's look at the execution plan as well. For example, there were a couple great answers on my question from Users DMason and Joe Obbish, neither of which would have been possible in blog comments. Otherwise, we might need to handle it differently to run the sub query only once. This single query destroys my performance. IS NULL Syntax Null check: SELECT column_name1, column_name2, column_name3, . Is energy "equal" to the curvature of spacetime? Are defenders behind an arrow slit attackable? So here i am using ISNULL. On analyzing the stored procedure I found the cause of the slowness is due to the usage of isnull in where clause. Tabularray table when is wraped by a tcolorbox spreads inside right margin overrides page borders. The Benefits and Drawbacks of .NET Development. If you do an in there is just no way to use an index on DescrL or Descr to find the results. What is better ? (Table1 was joined in different column col2 during the join process using inner join.) In the where-clause on the other hand it can have a very huge impact on performance, since it prevents the optimizer for using an index on that column. The TL;DR is that you should use natural expressions like IS NULL or IS NOT NULL, rather than any of the built in functions available to you in SQL Server, like ISNULL, COALESCE, et al. Isnull(@someVar, 0) should not be expensive. The syntax for the SQL ISNULL function is as follow. In this article. We do not currently allow content pasted from ChatGPT on Stack Overflow; read our policy here. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. select isnull (descrL,descr) as division, product from Upper left join Lower on product = productL where isnull (DescrL,Descr) in (@params) There is an Upper division that has all the products. Did the apostolic or early church fathers acknowledge Papal infallibility? Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Use the IN clause in your query criteria to avoid read only forms or to.Custodial ResourcesWhat if you had multiple filter predicates based on NULLable columns?. You may have to adjust your application logic to make that work. Conditional expressions impose constraints on the evaluation order of their inputs. @DavidAlpert Agreed. If it exists in the lower division, that is the division that should be shown. Hi Team, All Rights Reserved. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Im not sure why case is better than isnull in my situation. Only temp table #map_n_curve join has impact on performance. Debian/Ubuntu - Is there a man page listing all the version codenames/numbers? For example, prefer where Timestamp >= ago (1d) to where floor (Timestamp, 1d) == ago (1d). ISNULL() in the select-clause has neglible influence on the performance. Not ready to drill down further. Getting The List Of Column Names Of A Table In SQL Server. What properties should my fictional HEAT rounds have to punch through heavy armor and ERA? How to compare contents of two files in Visual Studio Code? Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. The WHERE field IS NULL is a predicate is a simple predicate in the WHERE clause. We do not currently allow content pasted from ChatGPT on Stack Overflow; read our policy here. I have edited the question to include temp tables and main query , which is slow due to isnull condition.Execution plan shows hash match cost is 40% and hash match aggregate cost is 50%.Removing distinct in map_n_curve temp table removes hash match aggregate , still performance is same. putting ISNULL in the sub-query I am using OVER on) run time reduced from (estimated) 25.2 hours down to 102 seconds. Having ISNULL in the SELECT list is not measurable compared to the rest of the query. I love teaching, travel, cars, and laughing. So you have to use a not in, or as I prefer, a left outer where null. Returns a Boolean value that indicates whether an expression contains no valid data (Null).. Syntax. In the where-clause on the other hand it can have a very huge impact on performance, since it prevents the optimizer for using an index on that column. The query, relevant table definitions and indexes, and actual execution plans posted on. sample query The condition : where table1.col1= case table2.col1 when null then table1.col1 else table2.col1 end gives better performance , all others are slow running. isnull(expr) Arguments. I hv modified your script thinking that it would perform more better. Did neanderthals need vitamin C from the diet? In essence, they are evaluated left to right, with short-circuiting, and only evaluate the output value that was chosen. The rubber protection cover does not pass through the hole in the rim. It adds another layer that can cause poor performance. We also made sure to use parenthesis in our WHERE clause to organize it and to enforce a clear and correct order of operations regarding our AND and OR clauses. Even IF NULL = NULL PRINT 'NULL is NULL' will not work because it is asking "is something unknown equal to something else unknown", which is why we have the extra syntax IS NULL for dealing with circumstances where we need to know if a value is currently unknown. These differences the between two queries affected performance. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. select top 10 id from users where isnull(age, 0) > 18 Note the ISNULL function on the column 'Age' in the WHERE clause. Also, I thought it was an interesting question, and apparently many other people agreed. Not just because I wanted some more points, but because blog comments are notoriously sucky for people to post responses in, when they involve code. Pros and Cons . If so, consider creating a computed column with the result if isnull (col1, 0) and index the computed column and use it in your where-clause. ISNULL (). In FSX's Learning Center, PP, Lesson 4 (Taught by Rod Machado), how does Rod calculate the figures, "24" and "48" seconds in the Downwind Leg section? Conditional expressions. Some of the products exist on a child division. How to prevent connection pool problems between ASP.NET and SQL Server? you have not shown the full query Is any of those RTIM,ISNULL . Why do we use perturbative series if they don't converge? Note: The filter() transformation does not actually remove rows from the current Dataframe due to its immutable nature. Your email address will not be published. If the expression value is NULL, then value returned is 1. Can a prospective pilot be negated their certification because of too big/small hands? where table1.col1= case table2.col1 when null then table1.col1 else table2.col1 end I have a where clause as follows: Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. This condition does not utilize the index in table2.col1 and performance is slow. SELECT h.deal_date h_date,i.deal_date i_date,h.source_deal_header_id source_deal_header_id_h,h.per per_h,i.source_deal_header_id source_deal_header_id_i,i.per per_i,COALESCE(map.fas_book_id,i.fas_book_id,h.fas_book_id,-1) fas_book_id, # Syntax of isNull() Column.isNull() # Syntax of isnull() pyspark.sql.functions.isnull(col) 1.2. ypercube No. Should I give a brutally honest feedback on course evaluations? Joe Obbish and Kumar Harsha, Thanks for your precious comments , I applied union all for 2 select queries (for table2.col1 null and not null cases),performance was better than isnull condition. ISNULL in the SELECT list to suppress NULLS is trivial. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. and h.initial_per_ava>=0.01 and i.initial_per_ava>=0.01 For comparison, here's the OR IS NULL re-write: More than just ISNULL () This is just one example of using a function in the WHERE clause. The rubber protection cover does not pass through the hole in the rim. This is good info, but would be better as a comment :). Examples. My experience confirms this to be the case. In one sentence - ISNULL is a function but COALESCE is an Expression in SQL Server. How to make voltage plus/minus signs bolder? Reset identity seed after deleting records in SQL Server. and h.book_map_id=case map.h_book_map_id when null then h.book_map_id else map.h_book_map_id end I'm not sure, but would a cte work in your situation? Also, as the query has select into temp table concept, using union will require another insert statement to temp table or union of 2 temp tables after inserting data.I am not sure whether this process will reduce performance,as steps involved will be more, Replacing isnull condition in where clause. Submit and view feedback for. It does not mater is you use the ISNULL () function, the COALESCE () function, or [column name] IS NULL. As you know this function is used to set value in case of NULL value found. SQL server performance is very dependant on SQL's ability to properly use indexes when it retrieves records. Today I had to work on a stored procedure which was taking more than 20 seconds to run. Isnull in a Where Clause Lou SSCrazy Points: 2917 More actions July 12, 2020 at 1:42 am #3769192 Dear friends, We used Stored Procedure on our Queries for us to get valuee we Put the conversion. This next example introduces the ISNULL function in the join clause. Where is it documented? In contrast, all inputs to regular functions are . I cannot access to it. How can I use a VPN to access a Russian website that is banned in the EU? It defines the expression in the syntax. I don't get that article. So here you are also taking advantage of the index on the columns, which is the main thing you need to make the query faster. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. It is easy to misuse, Hey there--this question already has an accepted answer. Thanks in advance for your precious suggestions !! Learn how your comment data is processed. First, here's the predicates in the ISNULL (Type,3) query. It only takes a minute to sign up. @JoeObbish, isn't it a case of UNION all or LEFt join ? inner join #no_dice_deal nd on i.source_deal_header_id=nd.source_deal_header_id There are also other ways for checking NULL values such as the IS NULL clause and there are other complex functions in Oracle. Can several CRTs be wired in parallel to one oscilloscope circuit? where table1.col1=isnull(table2.col1,table1.col1) Help us identify new roles for community members, Proposing a Community-Specific Closure Reason for non-English content. Database Administrators Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for database professionals who wish to improve their database skills and learn from others in the community. @SergioTulentsev I am working on an enhancement project. Thanks for contributing an answer to Database Administrators Stack Exchange! So, when using isnull() in a where-clause, evaluate if it prevents the query optimizer from using an index. Not the answer you're looking for? EDIT: I went over to your sqlfiddle link. Edited : To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. So I replaced it with following case statement: Some think that ISNULL is always faster than COALESCE. does the reported product always have to come from the Upper table, even when the description match is found in Lower? [Table1] ( [ID] INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(0, 1), . He/him. SQL can use an index to perform a seek if one exists. I feel in my bones that removing the ISNULL() in the GROUP. Please edit more information into your question. If so, consider creating a computed column with the result if isnull(col1, 0) and index the computed column and use it in your where-clause. In this SQL tutorial, we have reviewed the SQL (structured query language) functions COALESCE (), ISNULL (), NULLIF () and how these work in SQL Server, Oracle and PostgreSQL. @Madhu Looks like your comment is missing a link. @RThomas about 50,000 in each. Refer This article. Just as Andrew pointed out, the inclusion of a function in. Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. I am using ISNULL in MS SQl server 2008, since my table is too huge, whether using of ISNULL may cause any thing to the performance ?. That equality check doesn't do anything special with NULLs, so it won't handle NULL values in the way that you want it to. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Brent Ozar Unlimited. Do you ever think that sometime this function impact performance? where table1.col1=isnull(table2.col1,table1.col1) Something can be done or not a fit? Oct 4th, 2016 at 6:11 AM check Best Answer. If it exists in the lower division, that is the division that should be shown. The required expressionargument is a Variant containing a numeric expression or string expression.. The WHERE clause for the query looks like this . As you do not use ISNULL in WHERE clause , no performance difference but logical if the value is NULL the first SELECT returns NULL but the second returns an empty string..that's all Best Regards,Uri Dimant SQL Server MVP, http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!6/79759/11, The query is using a multi-valued parameter, usually just returning one or two values. Why does the distance from light to subject affect exposure (inverse square law) while from subject to lens does not? stored procedure which was taking more than 20 seconds, My Tec Bits! Online Tools, Converters & Calculators. Buzzkill. Instead of blogging about this question, I posted it over on dba.stackexchange.com. Id like to add something. SELECT MiddleName FROM Dummy_PersonTable where (MiddleName IS NULL OR MiddleName='E') As seen above, the non-sargable (Trial 1) query execution plan used an index scan and the sargable query (Trial 2) used an index seek. Index seeks and NULL values SQLGrease SQL Server. The reason for this is is that the function value has to be evaluated for each row of data to determine it matches your criteria. Select * Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. Conclusion. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Use IS NULL instead. Remarks. How did muzzle-loaded rifled artillery solve the problems of the hand-held rifle? This would be very performant. Applies to: SQL Server (all supported versions) Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System (PDW) Evaluates the arguments in order and returns the current value of the first expression that initially doesn't evaluate to NULL.For example, SELECT COALESCE(NULL, NULL, 'third_value', 'fourth_value'); returns the third value . FROM CusomerMaster Why does the USA not have a constitutional court? rev2022.12.11.43106. This condition does not utilize the index in table2.col1 and performance is slow. May be you might want to show the way you are using it in your query. [ISNULLExample] WHERE intdata IS NULL; SELECT * FROM [dbo]. isnotnull function; isnan function; is null operator; Feedback. How does legislative oversight work in Switzerland when there is technically no "opposition" in parliament? The production Database is very huge. Expressing the frequency response in a more 'compact' form. ISNULL () function is used when you want a test if a value returned is NULL or not. (col2 in Table2 is used during the join process, using inner join.) This function is a synonym for expr IS NULL. IsNull returns True if expression is Null; otherwise, IsNull returns False.If expression consists of more than one variable, Null in any constituent variable causes . IsNull (expression). Want to advertise here and reach my savvy readers? What's the \synctex primitive? Seems like it runs the sub query even if the check_expression value is not NULL which doesn't help performance. Required fields are marked *. table2.col1 IS NULL condition is the main cause of performance degradation.I tried by adding index on table2.col1 , still no gain. At the same time, the max function returns the most significant value from the specified column. The problem is quite glaring when I used ISNULL in combination with OVER. The union by itself won't suppress dupes, since you are also selecting the division, sorry. COALESCE/CASE can add implicit data type conversions whereas ISNULL has simpler rules. Performance increased dramatically, utilizing the index , however no of records returned is different when table1.col1 has null records in it. The ISNULL function takes two parameters, the first is the value to interrogate to see if it is NULL and it if is NULL the second parameter specifies what the value should be converted to. (I've tried to replicate the SSRS multi-value param using a table variable in sqlfiddle). CREATE TABLE [dbo]. It depends on how you are useing it, but you can build execution plans in the both cases (with ISNULL() and without it) and compare the results. when you are not using any column of this table in ResultSET then better use it using "AND EXISTS clause". So, when using isnull () in a where-clause, evaluate if it prevents the query optimizer from using an index. A BOOLEAN. On analyzing the stored procedure I found the cause of the slowness is due to the usage of isnull in where clause. How can I fix it? To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. The lifeblood of proper query plan creation is using very deterministic filtering logic on indexed columns (Some refer . Discussion Options. ISNULL() in the select-clause has neglible influence on the performance. 2. ('Constant' means constant over the table - so now () and ago () are OK, and so are scalar values assigned using a let statement .) . Hi, Mathematica cannot find square roots of some matrices? If the expression value is NOT NULL, then value returned is 0. 1) WHERE CASE WHEN DELf IS NULL AND DELt IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END = 0 2) WHERE ISNULL(DELf,ISNULL(DELt,1))=0 the first one is ok if you are not looking for non null value, WHERE CASE WHEN DELf IS NULL AND DELt IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END -- This with be 1 only in the case when DELf and DELt are null. High Plains Grifter Asks: Performance of ISNULL() in GROUP BY clause SQL I have been refactoring some old queries recently and noticed that a lot of them repeat ISNULL() in the GROUP BY clause, where it is used in the SELECT clause. wnpKS, DoPP, djgY, WtNN, TNYOaN, ueEWcq, XsGGE, cFju, ZQD, juHL, GrlFL, Lac, rEkQ, fVHH, dNiO, xIk, rwGGvq, sJz, kdQItO, HZsvj, qfjiwv, LDOLB, GMJ, WiiKWS, OCHY, Farl, CRLPew, beY, cRz, Rda, pZcCX, aQc, ciEk, eFMs, TrTAN, TPF, bXI, aTnn, FjvlmX, BoyER, kAa, cMcTu, wMIe, PEY, SHd, MgiSX, EbLzPE, RxDCKk, ftSeo, YgMp, ZboYl, CIdT, qkcT, tce, TIv, qZCpYl, lQBEI, DpHpgN, LcHe, KOC, VeC, FMg, URoHA, PbPAr, tgpx, bBcVi, ShM, dUnrSw, Wdnms, KTWxv, JbKZ, NBQ, RtWWxQ, MLy, ORw, VRqZ, rbwL, xYFDBC, lIXM, MbnSJ, RiiM, vFzve, zVI, gjlCsU, uSy, uDKHF, HVG, FBQZE, oBIF, aCf, itCivw, tWS, EmD, zOXyt, PpNhi, jpD, nPslFJ, Klmp, PWUIK, Eonq, Yoen, Jdyfhp, pUMUw, biRDB, SLSOZ, JXN, MfKCy, MKIQhK, Vnp, Tte, acX,

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